Passenger Car CTP (Cell to Pack), CTC (Cell To Chassis) and CTB (Cell to Body) Integrated Battery Industry Report, 2024
Passenger Car CTP, CTC and CTB Integrated Battery Industry Report, 2024 released by ResearchInChina summarizes and studies the status quo of CTP (Cell to Pack), CTC (Cell To Chassis) and CTB (Cell to Body) for passenger cars and the layout of OEMs and suppliers in related products, and predicts the future development trends of passenger car integrated batteries.
1. In 2023, CTP (Cell to Pack) technology was seen in nearly 50% of new energy vehicles sold.
In 2021, there were only 13 vehicle models equipped with CTP in China. As of October 2023, the number had increased to 57. Vehicles equipped with CTP shared 29.6% of the total sales of new energy vehicles (EVs, PHEVs and EREVs) in 2021, and made up 48.6% from January to October 2023, a figure projected to be higher than 50% in the whole year of 2023.
From the perspective of both suppliers and OEMs, CTP technology has entered a mature application stage.
Among suppliers, CATL is a role model. In 2019, CATL released its CTP 1.0. By 2023, the technology has iterated to 3.0, and has been installed by brands such as ZEEKR, Li Auto and AITO.
OEMs are represented by BYD. In 2020, BYD released its blade battery based on CTP technology, which was first mounted on Han EV in June of the same year. In 2023, with higher blade battery capacity, BYD began to supply batteries to other automakers after meeting its own demand. Both Tesla and Hongqi have some models equipped with the blade battery.
According to the statistics of ResearchInChina, there are more than 17 models using blade batteries. By the end of 2023, BYD had deployed 17 blade battery production bases with the planned capacity of over 460GWh.
2. CTC/CTB technology is easier to implement under the leadership of OEMs
2.1 Currently only four automakers Tesla, BYD, Leapmotor and Xpeng have released CTC/CTB technology and applied it in production models.
① Tesla: In 2020, Tesla introduced the concept of CTC (Cell To Chassis) for the first time on its Battery Day, which cancels the floor of the vehicle body, integrates the battery frame with the underbody (rocker rail, transverse beam, longitudinal beam, floor, etc.), and then connects the castings at the front and rear ends of the body.
From the point of performance improvement, Tesla's CTC technology offers the benefits: a 10% reduction in vehicle weight, a 14% increase in cursing range, a reduction of 370 parts, 7% lower unit cost, 8% lower unit investment, and far higher automobile manufacturing efficiency. CTC technology has been applied to Model Y produced at Gigafactory Texas.
② Leapmotor: In April 2022 Leapmotor released CTC technology, and first applied it to the production model Leapmotor C01. Leapmotor’s CTC solution cancels the battery pack housing and upper cover, and retains the integrated battery module and lower battery tray.
Leapmotor’s CTC technology can increase the vertical space of the vehicle by 10mm, the battery layout space by 14.5%, the cursing range by 10% and the torsional stiffness of the body by 25% to 33897N·m/°, and reduce the number of parts by 20% and the weight by 15kg. CTC 2.0 unveiled by Leapmotor in 2023 enables 10% fewer parts and 5% less weight than CTC 1.0.
③ BYD: In May 2022, BYD released CTB (Cell to Body), a technology using the upper shell of the battery pack to replace the body floor. It cancels the modules and the upper shell of the battery pack, and sticks the blade battery to the tray and upper cover to form a sandwich structure of "battery upper cover-cell-tray".
The volume utilization rate of BYD’s CTB can be raised to 66%; the torsional stiffness of the vehicle body exceeds 40,000 N m/; the intrusion of the vehicle side column collision is reduced by 45%. The wind resistance of Seal, the first model equipped with CTB, is as low as 0.219, and the 0-100 km/h acceleration of the four-wheel drive edition only takes 3.8 seconds, with energy consumption per 100 kilometers as low as 12.7kWh.
④ Xpeng: In April 2023, Xpeng launched its "Fuyao" architecture, which adopts CIB technology that uses the upper cover of the battery pack as the body floor, thereby saving 5% vertical interior space. As with Tesla, Xpeng integrates the reserved mounting bracket on the battery pack upper cover, and installs seats directly on the battery pack.
2.2 As per the technical features of CTC/CTB, OEMs cannot tolerate less say.
In the conventional new energy industry chain, power batteries account for 30%~40% of the vehicle cost. In the promotion process of CTC technology, the use of CTC makes it easier for battery vendors to dabble in chassis and vehicle development. For automakers, this may lead to less say, which is unacceptable to them.
CTC technology however requires battery cells with high intrinsic safety, and this needs to enhance thermal stability of battery cell materials. As concerns process, it is necessary to ensure the reliability of battery cells in terms of design and manufacturing. These are the advantages of battery vendors. Amid a combination of multiple factors, the model that OEMs play a leading role and suppliers cooperate with them may be the main way to advance CTC technology in the future.
In the case above OEMs that have the ability to develop and produce battery cells by themselves, such as BYD and Tesla, can effectively avoid the technical restrictions from battery vendors and have greater advantages in technology application.
2.3 CTC technology layout of other OEMs
In addition to Tesla, BYD, Leapmotor and Xpeng, Xiaomi, Volkswagen, Volvo, JAC and SAIC all make layout of CTC technology. On December 28, 2023, Xiaomi unveiled SU7, a car that packs its self-developed CTB technology. The innovative designs such as floor-cover two-in-one, battery cell inversion, multifunctional elastic interlayer and minimalist wiring harness enable the volume efficiency up to 77.8% and release an additional height of 17 mm.
Passenger Car Intelligent Steering Industry Research Report, 2024
Intelligent Steering Research: Steer-by-wire is expected to land on independent brand models in 2025
The Passenger Car Intelligent Steering Industry Research Report, 2024 released by ResearchInChina ...
China Passenger Car Mobile Phone Wireless Charging Research Report, 2024
China Passenger Car Mobile Phone Wireless Charging Research Report, 2024 highlights the following:Passenger car wireless charging (principle, standards, and Qi2.0 protocol);Passenger car mobile phone ...
Automotive Smart Exteriors Research Report, 2024
Research on automotive smart exteriors: in the trend towards electrification and intelligence, which exteriors will be replaced by intelligence?
The Automotive Smart Exteriors Research Report, 2024 ...
Automotive Fragrance and Air Conditioning System Research Report, 2024
Research on automotive fragrance/air purification: With surging installations, automotive olfactory interaction is being linked with more scenarios.
As users require higher quality of personalized, i...
Intelligent Vehicle Multi-Domain Computing Industry Report, 2024
Multi-Domain Computing Research: A Summary of Several Ideas and Product Strategies for Cross-Domain Integration
1. Several ideas and strategies for cross-domain integration of OEMs
With the increasi...
Analysis on Xiaomi Auto's Electrification, Connectivity, Intelligence and Sharing, 2024
Research on Xiaomi Auto: Xiaomi Auto's strengths and weaknesses
Since the release of SU7, Xiaomi delivered 7,058 units and 8,630 units in April and May, respectively, and more than 10,000 units in bo...
ADAS and Autonomous Driving Tier 1 Suppliers Research Report, 2024 - Foreign Companies
Research on foreign ADAS Tier 1 suppliers: make all-round attempts to transform and localize supply chain and teams.
1. Foreign ADAS Tier 1 suppliers fall behind relatively in deve...
Research Report on Passenger Car Cockpit Entertainment--In-vehicle Game, 2024
1. In-vehicle entertainment screens are gaining momentum, and Chinese brands rule the roost.
In-vehicle entertainment screens refers to display screens used for entertainment activities such as viewi...
Body (Zone) Domain Controller and Chip Industry Research Report,2024
Research on body (zone) domain controller: an edge tool to reduce vehicle costs, and enable hardware integration + software SOA.
Integration is the most important means to lower vehicle costs. Funct...
China Charging/Swapping (Liquid Cooling Overcharging System, Small Power, Swapping, V2G, etc) Research Report, 2024
Research on charging and swapping: OEMs quicken their pace of entering liquid cooling overcharging, V2G, and virtual power plants.
China leads the world in technological innovation breakthroughs in ...
Autonomous Driving SoC Research Report, 2024
Autonomous driving SoC research: for passenger cars in the price range of RMB100,000-200,000, a range of 50-100T high-compute SoCs will be mass-produced. According to ResearchInChina’s sta...
Automotive Cockpit Domain Controller Research Report, 2024
Research on cockpit domain controller: Facing x86 AI PC, multi-domain computing, and domestic substitution, how can cockpit domain control differentiate and compete?
X86 architecture VS ARM ar...
Chinese OEMs (Passenger Car) Going Overseas Report, 2024--Germany
Keywords of Chinese OEMs going to Germany: electric vehicles, cost performance, intelligence, ecological construction, localization
The European Union's temporary tariffs on electric vehicles in Chi...
Analysis on DJI Automotive’s Autonomous Driving Business, 2024
Research on DJI Automotive: lead the NOA market by virtue of unique technology route.
In 2016, DJI Automotive’s internal technicians installed a set of stereo sensors + vision fusion positioning syst...
BYD’s Layout in Electrification, Connectivity, Intelligence and Sharing and Strategy Analysis Report, 2023-2024
Insight: BYD deploys vehicle-mounted drones, and the autonomous driving charging robot market is expected to boom.
BYD and Dongfeng M-Hero make cross-border layout of drones.
In recent years,...
Great Wall Motor’s Layout in Electrification, Connectivity, Intelligence and Sharing and Strategy Analysis Report, 2023-2024
Great Wall Motor (GWM) benchmarks IT giants and accelerates “Process and Digital Transformation”.
In 2022, Great Wall Motor (GWM) hoped to use Haval H6's huge user base to achieve new energy transfo...
Cockpit AI Agent Research Report, 2024
Cockpit AI Agent: Autonomous scenario creation becomes the first step to personalize cockpits
In AI Foundation Models’ Impacts on Vehicle Intelligent Design and Development Research Report, 2024, Res...
Leading Chinese Intelligent Cockpit Tier 1 Supplier Research Report, 2024
Cockpit Tier1 Research: Comprehensively build a cockpit product matrix centered on users' hearing, speaking, seeing, writing and feeling.
ResearchInChina released Leading Chinese Intelligent Cockpit ...